What is Rosacea?

Rosacea is a rash that affects the central face. It is common in between the ages of 30-60 and mostly affects people with fair skin. It is a chronic condition that is characterised by redness, flushing, dilated blood vessels, small red bumps and in severe cases pus-filled spots. Rosacea may also affect the eyes and nose. It is sometimes confused with acne, however, these are two different skin conditions.

It is unknown what exactly causes rosacea but multiple factors are thought to be involved. Known contributors are skin damage due to repeated ultraviolet (UV) light exposure, the skin’s natural immune response, alcohol, spicy food and stress.

How is Rosacea diagnosed?

A dermatologist can usually diagnose rosacea solely by appearance without the need for tests. If you think you have Rosacea, the symptoms are typically easy to recognise. However, you can book to see a dermatologist if you feel you want a professional diagnosis and would like to receive a treatment to manage the symptoms. 

Common signs of Rosacea are:

• Persistent redness 
• Facial flushing
• Visible blood vessels
• Irritation of the eye area 
• Pimples or bumps 
• Raised red patches 
• Inflamed eyes/eyelids
• Burning or stinging sensation 
• Thickening of the skin

Phases of Rosacea

Stage 1: Vascular/telangiectatic Rosacea – Persistent facial flushing and redness

Stage 2: Papulopustular Rosacea – Bumps and pimples, persistent redness,

Stage 3: Phymatous Rosacea – Thickened skin around nose area,

Stage 4: Ocular Rosacea – Dry and irritated eyes and excessive tearing, burning and pain.

How is Rosacea treated?

There are many treatment options. Oral antibiotics such as tetracyclines have proven helpful. Topical creams or lotions such as those containing azelaic acid, metronidazole and ivermectin can help reduce inflammation in mild rosacea. Other creams can reduce the appearance of redness immediately after application. Vascular lasers are effective in removing persistent, small, dilated vessels/broken capillaries